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23 JAN 2025 · New research looked at how cancers arise in children who are predisposed to developing the childhood kidney cancer, Wilms tumour, which could help anticipate the development of tumours before they fully form. Genetically tailored treatment plans for children with a type of kidney cancer could help provide the most effective care while minimising side effects as much as possible.
Researchers at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street Hospital, the University of Würzburg, and their collaborators, have mapped the genetic differences across children with a type of childhood kidney cancer called Wilms tumour.
15 JAN 2025 · In a paradigm shift in how we view mutations, researchers uncover forms of DNA damage in healthy cells that can persist unrepaired for years.
While most known types of DNA damage are fixed by our cells’ in-house repair mechanisms, some forms of DNA damage evade repair and can persist for many years, new research shows. This means that the damage has multiple chances to generate harmful mutations, which can lead to cancer.
Scientists from the Wellcome Sanger Institute and their collaborators analysed family trees of hundreds of single cells from several individuals. The team pieced together these family trees from patterns of shared mutations between the cells, indicating common ancestors. Researchers uncovered unexpected patterns of mutation inheritance in the trees, revealing that some DNA damage persists unrepaired.
13 JAN 2025 · The most detailed study to date on the mechanisms by which a common type of bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus, adapts to living on the human body could help improve the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of certain infections.
The research, from the Wellcome Sanger Institute, the University of Cambridge, the Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia (IBV) at the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and their collaborators, involved using the genomes of thousands of S. aureus isolates cultured from the human nose and on the skin to investigate which genes are important for the bacteria to adapt and persist.
Published today (13 January) in https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-55186-x, they used a new approach of analysing the genomes of bacteria from human carriers, to highlight exactly how these bacteria adapt in their natural habitat. This revealed key mutations that enable certain strains to evade the human immune system and become resistant to antibiotics.
8 JAN 2025 · Human ‘Domainome’ reveals root cause of inherited conditions.
The largest catalogue of human protein variants to date has revealed that protein destabilisation is the main driver of inherited genetic conditions and paves the way for precision medicine and A.I. driven treatments.
Most genetic changes that swap one amino acid for another cause disease by making the protein less stable, according to the largest study of human protein variants to date. Unstable proteins are more likely to misfold and degrade, causing them to stop working or accumulate in harmful amounts inside cells.
The study, published today (8 January 2025) in the research journal https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08370-4, helps explain why minimal changes in the human genome, also known as missense variants, can cause disease at the molecular level.
20 DEC 2024 · What has genetics done for us? Well in 2024, it paved the way for better cancer treatment, supported conservation efforts and mapped the hidden world of connections in our bodies to name but three. So, sit back as we unwrap eight gifts that genetics and genomics at the Wellcome Sanger Institute has provided this year.
17 DEC 2024 · Advances in AI are rapidly changing biological research, which raises important questions surrounding its responsible use. Here we share insights from a recent conference, funded by the Wellcome Sanger Institute, on explainable AI and how it impacts biology.
Last month, the Sanger Institute hosted its first-ever “Explainable AI in Biology (#XAIB24)” conference, organised by the https://www.sanger.ac.uk/collaboration/biodev-network/, a community dedicated to future-proofing early-career scientists with the latest computational techniques. During the event, experts from across the globe and a range of disciplines came together to discuss explainable AI and its impact on the future of biology. Here, we will explore some of the key insights shared by the speakers.
11 DEC 2024 · Tardigrades are tiny creatures renowned for their ability to survive extreme conditions. Dr Witold Morek, Postdoc at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, studies tardigrade genomes to unravel their evolution. This work could help enhance scientific understanding of biodiversity and lead to innovations in medicine and biotechnology.
11 DEC 2024 · Experts have published a series of recommendations for improving equity of access to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for children with cancer across the UK.
NHS England is one of the few health services in the world that has a national initiative offering universal genome sequencing to every child with cancer. However, since its rollout in 2021, the use of WGS in clinical practice has not yet seen widespread use and it seems that some childhood cancer units have greater accessibility to this tool than others.
In October 2022, clinicians and scientists from across the UK attended a workshop event to discuss some of the reasons behind this. This was organised by the Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Connecting Science, the CRUK Cambridge Centre Paediatric Cancer Programme, University of Cambridge Department of Paediatrics and NHS East Genomics.
11 DEC 2024 · Sanger Institute scientists join a new four-year collaborative project that seeks to understand a key process linked to evolution.
Scientists are seeking to uncover how a significant, naturally occurring genetic process has shaped the complexity and diversity of many species during evolution.
An international team of researchers will investigate a phenomenon in which a species’ entire DNA code is duplicated, becoming four strands instead of the usual two, before reforming over millions of years to become two chains once more.
9 DEC 2024 · Policy Analyst Gemma Brown talks about the role of Sanger and the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) in ensuring data is shared responsibly, and everyone has equal access to research data.
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| Author | Wellcome Sanger Institute |
| Organization | Wellcome Sanger Institute |
| Categories | Life Sciences , Medicine , Nature |
| Website | www.sanger.ac.uk |
| communications@sanger.ac.uk |
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